PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.